2024 Sudan Global Appeal: Situation Overview

Key Chapter Title List

1. Population and Funding Data
2. 2025 Population Planning Data
3. 2024 Funding Received for the Sudan Situation
4. Conflict Context and Current Displacement Situation
5. Humanitarian Needs within Sudan and UNHCR Response
6. Refugee Reception by Neighboring Countries and the Burden
7. Resource and Sanitation Challenges in Refugee Camps
8. Cholera and Other Disease Transmission Risks and Prevention
9. Multiple Challenges Facing Host Countries
10. 2025 UNHCR and Partner Assistance Plan
11. Regional Refugee Response Plan Coordination and Implementation

Document Introduction

The conflict that erupted in Sudan in April 2023 continues unabated. Despite ongoing diplomatic efforts, it has triggered a large-scale humanitarian crisis, becoming a global focus. This report, as a key component of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) 2025 Global Appeal, systematically presents the displacement situation, humanitarian needs, and the current state of international assistance in Sudan and its surrounding regions.

As of October 2024, the conflict has displaced 11.3 million people. Among them, nearly 3 million have fled to neighboring countries such as the Central African Republic, Chad, and Egypt, while over 8 million have become internally displaced persons (IDPs) within Sudan. Approximately 25 million people across Sudan (nearly half the total population) require humanitarian assistance and protection services. Famine was confirmed in parts of North Darfur in August 2024, and the persistence of the conflict further exacerbates the risk of forced population movement.

Regarding funding, UNHCR's 2024 assistance requirements for the Sudan situation amounted to USD 1.031 billion. However, as of October 31, only USD 414.9 million had been received, meeting only 40% of the needs and leaving a funding gap of USD 616.2 million. Prior to this, Sudan and its neighboring countries were already hosting large numbers of refugees and displaced persons, with related UNHCR country operations severely underfunded. The outbreak of the new crisis has further increased urgent needs.

The report details UNHCR's response measures: within Sudan, assisting displaced persons by establishing multi-functional community centers, providing shelter support, core relief items, and cash assistance; in hard-to-reach areas, collaborating with local partners and community protection networks to conduct protection monitoring and needs assessment. Simultaneously, refugee camps face issues such as water shortages and inadequate sanitation facilities, leading to risks of disease transmission like cholera. With nearly 60% of Sudan's population unable to access medical services due to the crippled healthcare system, the health crisis is further intensified.

Neighboring countries face a significant burden in hosting refugees, with insufficient food rations and high prevalence of diseases like malaria. In 2025, if the conflict persists, humanitarian needs will further expand, and existing resources will struggle to cover even the most basic requirements. UNHCR plans to advance the Regional Refugee Response Plan (RRP) with 86 partners, focusing on refugee resettlement, camp expansion, enhancement of education and medical services, improvement of sanitation infrastructure, among others. It also emphasizes implementing all assistance projects through an age, gender, and diversity perspective.

Based on specific demographic statistics, funding data, and field response experience, this report provides an authoritative reference for understanding the complexity of the Sudan crisis and for evaluating the effectiveness and gaps in humanitarian assistance. It holds significant guiding importance for policy formulation, international cooperation, and resource allocation.