2024.0408

Number of words in this article:2502, reading time is about 4 minutes


introduction:大幅增配现金及存款。

** Author| ** First Finance Qi Ning

In the era of comprehensive net worth of financial management, the trend of inter-institutional differentiation has intensified. With the successive disclosures of bank annual reports, the operating conditions of various financial subsidiaries have also surfaced. Judging from the data, the pressure on revenue collection business in the banking industry has been further confirmed. According to the financial report, the First Financial Reporter sorted out that among the 14 financial managers whose parent bank has disclosed data, 9 have seen a decline in net profits, and 3 of them have halved profits, including two state-owned bank financial managers, Agricultural Bank of China Financial Management and CCB Financial Management. China Post Financial Management's profit last year also fell by more than 30%. In terms of the scale of existence, the total balance of wealth management products of the 13 financial managers with comparable data has shrunk by more than 270 billion yuan, of which the scale of 7 companies has declined year-on-year. Among the major bank financial managers, except Bank of Communications Financial Management, the sizes of the other five major financial managers have decreased to varying degrees. In contrast, the scale of joint-stock bank financial management is "more resistant to decline". However, as the industry leader, CMB Financial Management has ended its profit growth trend since its establishment, and both scale and net profit have declined.

14 financial managers made less than 5 billion yuan, and 3 companies cut profits in half

** **

自2019年5月首家理财子公司开业至今,理财子公司队伍不断壮大,在资管新规下逐渐成为理财市场主力军。截至目前,已有32家理财子公司获批筹建,股东背景中,国有行6家、股份行12家、城商行8家、农商行1家、合资行5家,除浙银理财(2023年底获批筹建)外均已开业。 近两年,在理财全面净值化的同时,股债市场调整、投资者风险偏好变化对理财市场的影响进一步凸显,相关手续费收入对银行中收的支撑作用不断减弱。反映在理财子公司经营数据上,机构间分化趋势加剧。 目前已经随母行财报披露2023年业绩的14家理财子中,除六大国有行理财子外,还有招银理财、兴银理财等6家股份行理财子,1家城商行理财子,1家农商行理财子。其中,有9家净利润增速为负,占比超过六成,其中有8家降幅为两位数。 农银理财、建信理财作为两家大行理财子,成为已披露同行中利润“最能跌”的理财子,去年净利润同比分别减少54.67%、53.42%,由35.23亿元、28.40亿元降至15.97亿元、13.23亿元,座次也因此跌出前三。中邮理财去年净利润也减少了近34%,由12.71亿元减少至8.41亿元。 其他大行理财子中,中银理财净利润也同比减少12.19%,降至16.28亿元。工银理财、交银理财盈利实现正增长,不过工银理财净利润增速7.2%较往年明显收窄,交银理财则逆势增长4.39%,较上年度2.86%表现更优。 其他净利润降幅“惹眼”的理财子中还有头部农商行旗下的渝农商理财,去年净利润下降52.51%至1.7亿元,同样腰斩。目前唯一一家披露业绩的城商行理财子青银理财,去年盈利也出现13%以上下滑。 股份行理财子中,虽然招银理财继续以31.90亿元净利润位居“最赚钱理财子”,但去年盈利也减少了11.22%,结束了2019年成立以来的盈利正增长,兴银理财(25.82亿元)、信银理财(22.55亿元)分别列第二位、第三位,前者净利润下降17%,后者增长了10.11%。平安理财、光大理财净利润则是一上一下,分别以18.85亿元、17.64亿元净利润暂时排在第四、第五位。 从总体盈利情况来看,上述14家银行理财子去年净利润合计为212.51亿元,较2022年少赚了近50亿元,降幅接近19%。其中,净利润20亿元以上机构由2022年的5家减少为3家。

The scale fell more and less, and the allocation of cash was significantly increased

** **

规模,仍是资管机构重要的比拼指标。中国理财网披露的理财市场2023年年度报告显示,截至去年年末,理财市场存续产品规模为26.80万亿元,虽然相比2023年上半年已有回升,但全年依然同比下降3.10%,为连续两个年度出现规模下滑。 其中,31家理财公司存续产品1.94万只,存续规模22.47万亿元,占全市场比例提升至83.85%。 结合各家理财公司发布的理财业务报告来看,上述14家理财子中,有可比数据的13家有7家规模缩水,其中净利润大幅下滑的农银理财、建信理财存续产品余额出现两位数下降,因此被股份行理财子反超。 据记者不完全统计,13家理财子(个别为管理资产口径)目前整体存续规模约为18.09万亿元,较上年末减少了约2745亿元。从去年下半年发行情况来看,虽然新发产品数量多数维持同比增加态势,但相比2022年下半年多数理财子募集规模减少。 据记者不完全统计,招银理财、信银理财、工银理财、中银理财、建信理财、交银理财、民生理财、中邮理财8家理财子去年下半年新发募集金额合计同比减少了约4.25万亿元,降幅接近29%。其中,仅信银理财去年下半年新发募集规模同比上升。 存续产品结构方面,多数理财子存续的固收类产品占比进一步提升,权益类、混合类产品占比下降。比如招银理财固收类占比较上年末提升1.75个百分点至96.76%,权益类、混合类则分别由0.23%、4.19%降至0.18%、2.29%。信银理财、工银理财、中银理财、建信理财、交银理财等也多呈现类似趋势。 从资金运用方向来看,面对资本市场波动和投资者风险偏好下降,去年多数理财子加大了对现金及银行存款的配置力度,包括债券、非标等在内的债权类资产配置比例在下降。 按照资产穿透后统计口径,有可比数据的8家理财子中,除交银理财对现金及存款的投资占比小幅下滑外,其余7家理财子对现金类资产(各家披露口径有差异)配置比例均有不同程度上升。其中,招银理财直接或间接投资的现金及银行存款比例由15.22%提升至28.95%,大幅提升了13.73个百分点;信银理财现金及存款投资占比则由12.03%大幅提升至23%。 债券方面,上述8家理财子中,除中银理财、交银理财配置比例有所提升外,其余多数理财子进行减配,但各家披露口径存在差异。比如,工银理财去年债券、非标及同业存单占比由上年末的62.19%降至52.96%;建信理财债券配置比例由45.2%降至30.94%;中邮理财债券配置由60.74%降至55.23%;招银理财债券及非标配置比例由57.05%降至45.05%;信银理财债权类资产配置比例由76.17%降至67.07%。 这与前述理财市场报告反映的趋势一致。数据显示,去年末理财产品对现金及银行存款的配置比例相比2022年末大幅提升了9.2个百分点,同期,对债券类资产的配置比例则下降了5.1个百分点。 拉长时间来看,理财产品对现金及银行存款的配置比例逐年提升,已经由2020年末的9.05%翻了近3倍。不少机构人士认为,理财产品大幅增配存款类资产,主要与投资者追求稳利低波资产有关,同时资管新规下非标减配后或由现金及银行存款代替。 **

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