■ China Economic Times reporter Zhao Shan

Premier Li Qiang of the State Council recently chaired a symposium of experts and entrepreneurs on the economic situation to listen to opinions and suggestions on the current economic situation and the next step of economic work, and proposed to promote the accelerated implementation of various deployments. On the eve of the release of economic data for the first quarter, what signals were released at this symposium?

01

Fully released the signal of stabilizing expectations, improving quality, and stabilizing growth

At present, positive factors in China's economic development are increasing, and market confidence is increasing. Judging from leading indicators, the manufacturing purchasing managers 'index (PMI), non-manufacturing business activity index and the composite PMI output index were all in the expansion range in March, indicating that enterprises' production and operation activities accelerated. In the first two months, the year-on-year growth rates of manufacturing investment and industrial added value above designated size continued to rise, and imports and exports also continued the growth trend since October last year.

What is the meaning of holding this symposium at this time point?

Guan Bing, director of the Institute of Industrial Economics of CCID Research Institute, said in an interview with a reporter from the China Economic Times that on the one hand, this symposium sent a signal of "concern", reflecting the Party Central Committee and the State Council's views on the current economic situation and entrepreneurs. High attention; on the other hand, it released a "policy" signal, reflecting the firm confidence of the Party Central Committee and the State Council in stabilizing economic growth.

Zhao Yonghui, vice chairman of the China Enterprise Management Research Association, said in an interview with a reporter from the China Economic Times that the symposium fully released signals to stabilize expectations, improve quality and stabilize growth.

Stabilizing expectations means always adhering to the "two unwavering principles", deepening the reform of state-owned assets and state-owned enterprises, optimizing the development environment for private enterprises, and implementing the national treatment of foreign-funded enterprises with high standards, so that state-owned enterprises dare to act, private enterprises dare to venture, and foreign enterprises dare to invest.

Improving quality means that each business entity should adapt measures to local conditions, focus on core technology shortcomings, optimize and improve operating systems and mechanisms, accelerate the cultivation and formation of new productive forces, and effectively improve the core competitiveness of enterprises.

Stabilizing growth means further consolidating and enhancing the upward trend of the economy, accurately handling the dialectical relationship between quality and speed, scale and efficiency, long-term strategies and short-term goals, establishing first and then breaking, and achieving the annual economic growth target with high quality.

"This symposium demonstrated the Chinese government's firm determination to take powerful and precise measures to promote sustained and healthy economic development. In order to promote the further release of economic vitality, resolve the long-standing difficult challenges such as rising uncertainty in the international environment and responding to domestic high-quality development needs, a symposium was held at this node to listen to experts 'analysis of the macro situation and entrepreneurs' feedback on the micro. Feelings will help consolidate and enhance the positive trend of economic recovery, lay a good foundation for follow-up policies to make full efforts in advance, thereby better boosting market confidence." Shan Yanfei, assistant researcher at the Enterprise Research Institute of the Development Research Center of the State Council, said in an interview with a reporter from the China Economic Times.

02

Points out four directions for doing a good job in current economic work

At present, with the development of new productive forces and the transformation of old and new driving forces, the economy is growing steadily, but it is also facing many challenges.

Guan Bing believes that since the beginning of this year, China's economy has rebounded well, and many indicators have performed well. However, the domestic and international situation is still severe and complex, and the foundation for steady economic recovery is still not solid:First, the pressure of insufficient demand is still there. 1-2 In June, the total retail sales of consumer goods increased by 5.5% year-on-year and have not yet returned to pre-epidemic levels. Second, corporate cost pressure is still there. 1-2 In June, the cost per 100 yuan of operating income of industrial enterprises increased by 0.11 yuan year-on-year, but the producer price index (PPI) was still in a downward range, and corporate profit margins fell. Third, external uncertainty still exists. The global economic recovery is slow, geopolitical conflicts and competition among major powers will continue, and China's export growth faces greater uncertainty.

Hu Min, a researcher at the Central Party School (National School of Administration), believed in an interview with a reporter from the China Economic Times that the symposium pointed out four aspects to do a good job in current economic work:The first is to consolidate the foundation and stabilize growth and increase stamina; the second is to use policies to leverage and promote scientific and technological innovation and expand effective demand; the third is to address both the symptoms and root causes to resolve risks in key areas; the fourth is to put people's livelihood work in a prominent position and strive to strengthen and improve people's livelihood. These four aspects also focus on the difficult and key issues in current economic development and are intertwined. The breakthrough or entry point to solve the problem is to strengthen policy guidance, coordinate aggregate policies and structural policies, and promote institutional reforms more vigorously to expand domestic demand, and fully stimulate the vitality and creativity of market entities.

Zhao Yonghui believes that there is a need to further improve the coordination and accuracy of policies in guiding economic operations. In particular, we must attach great importance to the monitoring and evaluation of the implementation effect of macroeconomic policies on microeconomic operations and the transmission process of market operation entities, and realize the dynamic closed-loop of the economic policy system. To solve this problem, we need to focus on the following aspects.

First, at the industrial level, it is necessary to conduct in-depth investigations and research, listen extensively to opinions, systematically study and summarize the difficulties and blockages in the process of economic operation and industrial transformation and upgrading, form a list of key issues that restrict high-quality development, and form cross-departmental coordination based on the list of issues. Industrial policy.

Second, at the enterprise level, we focus on practical problems existing in technology, capital, talent, management, finance, law, etc. of various micro-business entities, adhere to problem-oriented and precise policies, and ensure that policies are directly accessible and enjoyed quickly.

03

The focus at the national level is on "stabilizing growth"

The focus at the enterprise level is on "strong stamina"

The symposium pointed out that we must focus on precise policy implementation, seize the prominent contradiction between the key of scientific and technological innovation to promote industrial innovation and the insufficient effective demand, and improve the effectiveness of the implementation of macro policies to the micro.

Guan Bing suggested that in the next step, comprehensive policies are still needed to promote sustained economic recovery.

At the national level, the focus is on "stabilizing growth", and we still need to continue to make efforts in stabilizing expectations, stabilizing employment, and reducing costs; take advantage of the opportunities of the holidays in the first half of the year to introduce more policies to promote consumption and promote the continued recovery of consumption; Take advantage of the opportunities of foreign dignitaries to visit China intensively, release the sincerity of openness and cooperation, and create a stable and predictable external environment.

At the enterprise level, the focus is on "strong stamina". We must deeply cultivate innovation and development, increase investment in R & D, and make long-term contributions in improving quality brands, increasing added value of products, and strengthening collaborative innovation; actively explore domestic and foreign markets, and study and judge post-epidemic consumption trends and characteristics., develop marketable products, and win the initiative in competition.

"Enterprises are the main body in deepening supply-side structural reforms. State-owned enterprises must focus on their main responsibilities and main businesses to accelerate the development of new productive forces, accelerate resource integration and promote the construction of a modern industrial system; small and medium-sized enterprises must identify the right industrial positioning, deeply explore potential market needs, focus on 'specialized, specialized and innovative' research and development, and create demand driven by innovative supply." Hu Min said.

Shan Yanfei said that the rapid development of Chinese enterprises over the past four decades has benefited from institutional reform and policy support. At present, Chinese enterprises are facing tremendous pressure from economic structural transformation and technological upgrading. In this context, if companies want to gain a place in the fierce competition, they should pay more attention to changes in market demand, actively improve internal management methods, create a high-quality workforce, improve product quality and competitiveness through innovation, and thus move towards the value chain. Move forward upstream.

Zhao Yonghui suggested that it is necessary to further strengthen the integrated innovation of "government, industry, research and application", focus on key "stuck neck" technologies, realize the aggregation of innovation elements through scientific and technological policy guidance, and build a "government-guided, enterprise-led, market-oriented operation" innovation system and mechanism and innovation ecology, vigorously introduce and cultivate strategic scientists and technical managers, and improve the conversion rate of scientific and technological achievements to achieve the organic unity of technological innovation, market demand and economic benefits.

"Driven by the innovation ecosystem, innovative industrial chains and innovative industrial clusters have emerged, which helps companies create more high-quality and low-cost products, and reshape brand advantages and market competition advantages with core technology advantages and cluster advantages., continuously increase the company's international and domestic market share." Zhao Yonghui said.