国家发展改革委等部门关于大力实施可再生能源替代行动的指导意见
发改能源〔2024〕1537号

Development and Reform Commissions, Departments of Industry and Information Technology, Housing and Urban-Rural Construction Departments (Committees, Administrative Committees, Bureaus), Transportation Departments (Bureaus, Committees), Energy Bureaus, Data Management Departments of all provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government, and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, as well as all dispatched agencies of the National Energy Administration:

In order to fully implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Party and the 2nd and 3rd Plenary Sessions of the 20th Central Committee, deepen the implementation of the Central Committee of the Party and the State Council's major decisions and plans on carbon peak and carbon neutrality, promote the construction of an economic system with green, low-carbon, and circular development, and drive the formation of green and low-carbon production and lifestyles, the following opinions are formulated to vigorously implement the action of renewable energy substitution.

一、总体要求
大力实施可再生能源替代，以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，贯彻“四个革命、一个合作”能源安全新战略，坚持统筹谋划、安全替代，正确处理传统能源和新能源“破”与“立”的关系，源网荷储一体推进，全面提升可再生能源安全可靠供应能力；供需统筹、有序替代，统筹可再生能源供给与重点领域绿色能源消费，加快推进增量替代，稳步扩大存量替代，稳妥推动可再生能源有序替代传统化石能源；协同融合、多元替代，协同推进可再生能源与工业、交通、建筑、农业农村等领域融合替代，经济高效推进发电、供热、制气、制氢多元发展和替代；科技引领、创新替代，大力推动新技术攻关试点，创新体制机制，加快培育可再生能源替代的新场景、新模式、新业态。

Substantial progress has been made in the substitution of renewable energy in key areas during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, with the national consumption of renewable energy exceeding one billion tons of standard coal annually. By the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, a production and lifestyle prioritizing the use of renewable energy will have been fundamentally established across various sectors, with national renewable energy consumption reaching over one billion tons of standard coal annually, effectively supporting the achievement of the carbon peak target by 2030.

二、着力提升可再生能源安全可靠替代能力
（一）全面提升可再生能源供给能力。加快推进以沙漠、戈壁、荒漠地区为重点的大型风电光伏基地建设，推动海上风电集群化开发。科学有序推进大型水电基地建设，统筹推进水风光综合开发。就近开发分布式可再生能源。稳步发展生物质发电，推动光热发电规模化发展。加快提升可再生能源资源评估、功率预测、智慧调控能力。推进构网型新能源、长时间尺度功率预测等新技术应用。因地制宜发展生物天然气和生物柴油、生物航煤等绿色燃料，积极有序发展可再生能源制氢。促进地热能资源合理高效利用，推动波浪能、潮流能、温差能等规模化利用。推动建立可再生能源与传统能源协同互补、梯级综合利用的供热体系。

(II) Accelerate the construction of supporting infrastructure for renewable energy. Promote the iterative development of advanced technologies such as flexible DC transmission and AC/DC hybrid distribution networks, and expedite the construction of digital and intelligent power grids. Strengthen the alignment of renewable energy and power development plans, and promote coordinated development between the grid and energy sources. Enhance the quality and upgrade the main grid structure, strengthen the construction of inter-provincial and inter-regional transmission channels, optimize dispatching control, and prioritize the dispatching of renewable energy power. Continuously optimize the structure of distribution networks, accelerate the integration and intelligent upgrade of primary and secondary systems in distribution networks, refine the distribution network dispatching mechanism, enhance the flexibility and carrying capacity of distribution networks, and support the rapid development of distributed renewable energy. Strengthen the construction and upgrade of infrastructure such as heating, gas pipelines, and hydrogen supply networks, enhance the interconnection of networks, and accept more non-electric renewable energy locally.

(III) Deeply tap the potential for demand-side resource regulation. Actively expand the scope of demand response entities and accelerate the construction of a demand response resource database. Encourage demand response entities with the capability to charge and discharge to participate in the electricity market. Support regions with the necessary conditions to guide electricity users in adjusting their consumption behavior through measures such as peak-time electricity pricing and widening the limit price range in the spot market. Strengthen power demand-side management in key sectors such as industry, construction, and transportation, optimize processes and production flows, and participate in power system regulation through methods such as interruptible loads and controllable loads.

(IV) Enhancing the Regulation Capacity of the Power System through Diversification. Strengthen the flexibility transformation of coal-fired power units, encourage self-owned power plants to actively participate in peak shaving, optimize coal power dispatching methods, and reasonably determine the dispatching sequence and peak shaving depth. Research and advance the optimization and upgrading of large hydropower stations, and orderly construct pumped storage power stations. Enhance research and development of new energy storage technologies and promote their application in multiple scenarios. Promote long-duration thermal storage power generation, thermoelectric coupling, and medium-to-high temperature thermal utilization in solar thermal applications. Encourage biomass power projects to provide auxiliary services such as peak shaving.

三、加快推进重点领域可再生能源替代应用
（五）协同推进工业用能绿色低碳转型。科学引导工业向可再生能源富集、资源环境可承载地区有序转移，强化钢铁、有色、石化化工、建材、纺织、造纸等行业与可再生能源耦合发展。提高短流程炼钢占比，在冶金、铸造、建材、日用玻璃、有色、化工等重点行业推广电锅炉、电窑炉、电加热等技术。在工业园区、大型生产企业等周边地区开展新能源源网荷储一体化项目，推动工业绿色微电网建设应用、绿色电力直接供应和燃煤自备电厂替代。加快在造纸、印染、食品加工等领域推广可再生能源中低温热利用。在合成氨、合成甲醇、石化、钢铁等领域鼓励低碳氢规模化替代高碳氢，探索建设风光氢氨醇一体化基地。在保障好居民冬季取暖前提下推进热电联产机组供热范围内燃煤锅炉关停整合，因地制宜推进耦合生物质燃烧技术改造，鼓励发展大容量燃煤锅炉掺绿氨燃烧。加快推动油气勘探开发与可再生能源融合发展，打造低碳零碳油气田。

(VI) Accelerate the integration and interaction of transportation and renewable energy. Develop renewable energy transportation corridors. Encourage the construction of integrated stations with photovoltaic, energy storage, charging, and discharging functions in highway rest areas, railway stations, bus terminals, airports, and ports where conditions permit. Speed up the development of electric passenger vehicles, steadily promote the electrification replacement of buses, and explore the application of new energy medium and heavy-duty trucks. Actively explore the development of electrified highways and increase the electrification transformation of railways. Promote the use of shore power by ships at ports and encourage the pilot application of green, electric, and smart ships. Advance the application of sustainable aviation fuels and conduct pilot operations of electric vertical takeoff and landing aircraft. Gradually promote the pilot application of green and clean liquid fuels for vehicles. Support regions with favorable conditions to pilot the application of biodiesel, bio-jet fuel, biomethane, green hydrogen, ammonia, and methanol in the fields of shipping and aviation.

(VII) Deepen the integrated application of renewable energy in buildings. Prioritize the utilization of renewable energy in the planning, construction, renewal, and renovation of urban areas. Promote the full implementation of green building standards for new urban construction, continuously increasing the requirements for the substitution of renewable energy for electricity, heat, and gas. Promote the development of ultra-low energy consumption, near-zero energy consumption buildings, and near-zero carbon buildings, and advance the application of flexible electricity use technologies in buildings. Encourage the installation of photovoltaic systems on the roofs of existing buildings and ensure the installation of photovoltaic systems in all eligible new factories and public buildings. Promote the full electrification of new public buildings, and popularize electric heat pump water heaters, high-efficiency induction stoves, and other products to replace coal and gas, as well as the application of high-efficiency DC electrical appliances and equipment. Actively promote solar thermal applications in regions with abundant solar resources and buildings with stable hot water demand. Promote the application of geothermal energy, air source heat pumps, and centralized biomass energy for heating and cooling, and in remote areas, utilize household biomass pellet stoves for heating based on local materials.

(VIII) Fully support the clean and modern transformation of energy use in agriculture and rural areas. Actively develop decentralized wind power and distributed photovoltaic power generation in rural areas with the necessary conditions. Promote the collaborative treatment of agricultural and forestry waste, livestock and poultry manure, and organic garbage in rural areas, and rationally plan biomass power generation, centralized biomass clean heating, and biogas projects. Accelerate the upgrading of rural energy infrastructure, explore the construction of micro-energy networks (microgrids). Promote the entry of biogas into pipelines in regions with conditions, and advance centralized heating in towns and townships based on local conditions, prioritizing the use of geothermal and solar energy for heating, and gradually reduce until banning the scattered burning of coal. Promote the upgrading of electrification in rural production and living, build rural energy stations, and enhance the public service capabilities of rural energy. Integrate the construction of rural energy facilities into the rural project inventory, and high-quality construction of pilot projects for the rural energy revolution, in conjunction with the digital transformation of rural areas to improve the level of intelligent energy use in rural areas.

(IX) Coordinate the development and utilization of new infrastructure and renewable energy. Strengthen the construction of charging infrastructure, gas stations, and hydrogen refueling stations, and improve the urban and rural charging network system. Optimize the spatial layout of new infrastructure, promote the integrated development of base stations, data centers, supercomputing centers, and photovoltaics, heat pumps, and energy storage. Advance the deep integration of artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, blockchain, and renewable energy. Support the development of green electricity direct supply and integrated projects of source, grid, load, and storage for new infrastructure, and carry out green certificate and electricity transactions and the construction of "green electricity parks" to increase the proportion of new energy power consumption in strategic projects such as "East Data West Calculation." Support the construction of big data centers in regions with cold water resources within national hub nodes. Carry out green technology renovations for old base stations and "old, small, scattered" data centers in an orderly manner. Promote the gradual and steady increase in the proportion of renewable energy used in new data centers each year.

四、积极推动可再生能源替代创新试点
（十）加快试点应用。开展深远海漂浮式海上风电、年产千万立方米级生物天然气工程等试点应用，推动光热与风电光伏深度联合运行。在工厂和园区开展绿色直供电试点，推进构网型、孤网运行、自备性质的可再生能源综合利用工程试点。结合资源条件因地制宜推进大型燃煤发电锅炉掺烧农林废弃物等耦