Combat visual simulation of armor-piercing ammunition based on

To authentically depict the combat process of a certain type of shaped charge, the following steps were taken: first, a model of the shaped charge, the liner, the tank, and the target was established using software and imported into the system. Secondly, a visual simulation scene was created using the built-in terrain system. Finally, based on the operational use of the specific type of shaped charge, simulation animations, special effects, and tank movement paths were designed to achieve a visual simulation of the combat effects of the shaped charge.

In modern warfare, armored weapons such as tanks and armored vehicles still hold significant positions and influence the course of war. Armor-piercing projectiles are typical anti-armor munitions, characterized by high penetration and instantaneous lethality, which give them important advantages in combat against armored targets. With the rapid development of computer technology, simulation techniques have also matured. By combining computer simulation systems with real equipment data, a simulation environment can be created to replicate the operational use of weaponry. Therefore, through visual simulation technology, the damage effects of armor-piercing projectiles, which were originally only observable on-site, can now be vividly demonstrated on computers, providing a more realistic representation of their combat effectiveness.

This article analyzes the working principle and process of a certain type of armor-piercing projectile used by a tank, utilizes the establishment of models for the armor-piercing projectile and the tank, imports these models, constructs the entire simulation framework system, and ultimately completes the visual simulation of the combat process for a certain type of armor-piercing projectile.

I. Establishment of Simulation Model

The penetration process of armor-piercing projectiles involves a relatively complex animation of processes, which will be modeled using a modeling approach. Its embedded programming language allows almost any part to be customized, making it more in line with the workflow designed in this article. The shape of the armor-piercing projectile is created by curves. By clicking to confirm the starting point, the end point, and then adding anchor points to stretch the curvature, a basic sketch of the armor-piercing projectile can be completed. Then, using the extrude command, the basic shape of the armor-piercing projectile is extruded. After extruding the basic shape of the armor-piercing projectile, the polygon tool is used to establish the key components of the armor-piercing projectile. Combined with Boolean operations, extrusion, bridging, and other code operation functions, the establishment of the armor-piercing projectile model can be completed, as shown in the figure.

Figure Overall model of armor-piercing projectile

Tanks and strike target models are also constructed using the cube, cylinder, and polygon tube features in the polygon function. During the construction process, curves or curves can be used for assistance, and extrusions are designed according to the shapes of the tanks and strike targets.

II. Visual Simulation Based on the Operational Process of Armor-Piercing Projectiles

(I) Establishing the Scene

The establishment of the simulation scenario utilizes the built-in terrain module. This module allows for the creation of a terrain in the window, which can then be raised or lowered through the terrain functions to transform a flat surface into mountainous terrain. Combined with brush functions such as smoothing sharp protrusions and depressions, the terrain field to be used can be created. The completed simulation scenario is shown in the figure.

Figure Simulation scenario

(II) Simulation

First, convert the armor-piercing projectile, tank, and target models established in Chinese into, import them into, adjust their size and position in the scene, laying the foundation for subsequent simulation design, with the imported tank model shown in the figure.

Tank model after import

After importing the model, it is necessary to add functionalities to the model to achieve simulation effects. For a tank, the required functionalities include movement, weapon systems, audio sounds, etc. Therefore, firstly, in terms of movement, it is necessary to change a coordinate variable in the three-dimensional coordinate system (), and to change the coordinate position, the rotation of the tank needs to be controlled by , in terms of audio sources, it is only necessary to establish an audio library, and play it through scripting when needed, and for the tank's weapon system, it is necessary to instantiate a shell model and apply a force to the rigid body to launch the shell, eventually hitting the target. In this simulation system design, functionalities are implemented through #.

(3) Animation of the Damage Process of Armor-Piercing Projectiles

Through the analysis of the penetration process of armor-piercing projectiles, combined with the animation system of the software, the animation of the damage process of armor-piercing projectiles includes the following parts:

The first stage is the unstable flight phase, where the projectile has just left the barrel and the tail fins are not fully deployed, resulting in an unstable flight. In the animation editing process, simply deviating the axis of rotation of the armor-piercing projectile slightly to the left or right of the normal can achieve the desired effect, as shown in the figure.

Figure unstable flight phase

The second stage involves the deployment of the tail fins for stable low-spin flight. In this stage, since the shaped charge does not rely on its own rotation to achieve flight stability, after a short period of flight, the tail fins gradually open, allowing the shaped charge to achieve stable flight without the need for high rotational speed.

The third stage is the detonation of the warhead. After the collision detection, the fuse will trigger the explosive, causing the warhead to detonate, and the metal jet gradually forms. The explosion effect is shown in the figure.

Figure Blast effect of warhead

Implementation of the Animation System in (IV)

The animation system can directly reuse the data from the animation files created in , and after importing the animation files into the scene, in the monitoring bar, first check and in , otherwise the animation will not run in the scene. Then create the skeleton from the model. In the tab, the main task is to segment the animation into frames. Through understanding, analyzing, and decomposing the damage effect of the armor-piercing projectile on the target, the animation is segmented and a foundational layer for the animation is established. Finally, through code design and testing, the animation is looped after triggering.

III. Conclusion

This article employs visual simulation technology to establish the operational process of a certain type of shaped charge projectile. Visual simulation technology is a branch of computer simulation technology development. With the advancement of simulation technology, future visual simulation systems will be able to establish comprehensive, multi-layered, and multi-perspective visual simulation platforms by creating model libraries, historical experimental data libraries, weaponry databases, and basic simulation scene information databases. On this basis, corresponding support systems will be established to achieve full-spectrum simulation of the test process through sound, light, and visual effects, providing an intuitive representation of various military exercises and weapon tests in real-world scenarios.