When there are more and more equipment in substations, fewer and fewer inspection workers, and the workload of inspection work becomes larger and larger, how to solve such contradictions? When the inspection camera at the substation goes offline, how quickly can the troubleshooting end? In fact, the speed of maintenance in traditional work is difficult to define. This often involves complex traditional switch networks, multiple coordination departments, complex trouble hazards and troubleshooting, and can be called "fast" in just a few hours.

After the "all-optical network" was put into use, second-level fault location became a reality. This kind of "all-light" change is driven by scientific and technological innovation referred to by "new productivity". So where does this driving force come from? With the development of economy and society, the construction of digitally intelligent and strong power grids continues to accelerate. As the heart of the power grid, the number of new substations has also continued to hit new highs. Safe and stable operation of substations is the key to maintaining the power grid system. However, factors such as high manual inspection costs, heavy workload, and high professional and technical requirements have potential disadvantages in the efficient and safe operation and maintenance of substations. To this end, Huawei has worked with industry partners to propose a set of smart substation solutions that can effectively reduce loads, reduce costs, and improve safety. Massive data can be easily uploaded, helping customers achieve efficient inspections. Recently, this plan was released at the Huawei China Partner Conference 2024 with the theme of "Digital Intelligence and Success through Gathering".

"Algorithm +" accurately solves pain points

Intelligent inspection and identification ensure safety in the station

In the daily operation and maintenance, substation inspection is the most daily and the most complicated work. Taking the inspection of 500 kV substations as an example, inspection is required to be carried out on a daily basis. It is difficult to master the running status of the monitoring device, complex access network, lack of network link monitoring and other problems, resulting in weak overall perception of the equipment and great pressure on operation and maintenance in the later stage. A working platform with simpler levels and clearer operation and maintenance is about to emerge. In the national power network of Sichuan Electric Power, the all-optical substation scheme has taken root, creating an excellent typical practice "F5G substation", bringing three major values to customers. First, standardize the network and unify the network management. "one network multi-purpose, multi-network in one" will be the station wireless sensor equipment, wireless network equipment, wired network equipment in a network management for graphical management, real-time fault perception. The second is to simplify the network and efficient operation and maintenance. The equipment and cables between the two layers of F5G all-optical network are passive components and optical fiber, which reduces the safety risk points and fault hidden points. With the help of visual link monitoring network management, the fault location can be realized in a second. Third, redundant backup and security reinforcement. Double OLT is deployed in the core site to realize Type- C dual home protection, and the outbound station is carried on the data communication network and the backbone transmission network respectively, and the redundant backup of the core site access network and carrier network is realized. How can we reduce the burden on the inspected workers? Substations must achieve the goal of digitization, that is, unmanned, centralized and intelligent. Remote centralized monitoring and centralized video processing is the future trend, and the optimization of substation operation and maintenance monitoring mode is a direction. Huawei's intelligent inspection has replaced manual labor, relieved employees' work on equipment appearance and infrared inspection, and integrated online monitoring and digital meters. Huawei's "all-optical" scheme realizes the accurate analysis and identification of anomalies through intelligent algorithms, ensures the safety of the station and improves the efficiency of substation inspection.

Ultra-large bandwidth supports all-optical networks

Escort massive data and efficiently return processing

Behind the digital intelligent inspection of substation, it brings three major challenges to the network-- the quantification of collection objects, the video of collection content, and the real-time collection frequency, and whether the massive and huge data can be processed efficiently, accurately and quickly, it is directly related to the security of the whole power grid. Take the current 220kV and below regional sites as an example, the high-definition video, pictures and other information of each station is transmitted to the regional central substation using the dispatched SDH network. In remote centralized surveillance, centralized video processing is necessary. The operation of intelligent substation needs Gb+-level bandwidth in order to meet the functions of video cloud, powerful AI, multi-system intelligent linkage, auxiliary production, unattended and so on. This is not the same order of magnitude as the bandwidth requirements of traditional substations and digital substations. At present, the bandwidth of SDH network is limited, about 10m to 20m bandwidth per station, insufficient bandwidth support, resulting in high-definition video and picture backhaul stutters. However, the current HD video is about 8M/, and the 20m bandwidth can support the concurrent upload of 2-way video at most, so that the bandwidth in the station can not satisfy the direct transmission of IoT video information. Under the current network, the fourth area of 35kV / 110kV / 220kV substation is connected to the prefectural and municipal access network through SDH, and a large amount of data is gathered in the centralized control station, so it is difficult to return information. The all-optical network of Huawei scheme uses the existing optical fiber to build an in-station PON OSU network. In the future, the super-large bandwidth of OTN OSU supports data convergence in the regional center, supporting video and picture transmission with its ultra-large bandwidth, and ensuring the aggregation of information from each station. Among them, the OLT is deployed at the exit of the station, connected through the Ethernet port (optical port) in the north and the splitter in the south, with a single slot throughput of 100G/s, satisfying gigabit ultra-wide access and ensuring no stutters for high-bandwidth services such as 4K video. ONU is deployed in the terminal access phase of the substation, providing upstream and uplink Gb-level bandwidth, and multi-camera concurrent services are guaranteed to meet 4K dense camera deployment scenarios. At the same time, all-optical network has the characteristics of simple structure, easy evolution and intelligent operation and maintenance. First, compared with the IP network, the optical network is a P2MP network, which only needs one fiber from the OLT to the splitter, and the splitter is divided into at most 128 branch fibers to connect to the 100 + camera, which greatly saves optical fiber and optical module. Second, compared with the network cable, the network cable has a clear intergenerational distinction, and the cable needs to be refurbished every time the speed is increased, and the cost is high; the optical network carries at full speed, does not change the fiber for 10 years at a time, guarantees the investment, expands the business on demand, upgrades the bandwidth flexibly, and saves long-term investment. Third, the all-optical network can achieve automatic fault detection, N screen-> 1 screen unified visualization, network active health protection, the best time delay protection, so that the time is accurate from hours to minutes. According to the actual needs of customers, the intelligent substation scheme uses two modules of remote intelligent inspection and station-station F5G all-optical network to realize intelligent inspection, supplemented by Atlas 500 Pro, splitter, gateway, esight gateway software, as well as corresponding maintenance and professional services, which successfully realizes load reduction, cost reduction, security improvement and manual periodic inspection. No matter in the outdoor site or in the airtight space such as GIS room, relay protection room, high voltage room, capacitor room and terminal box, the scheme of all-optical substation has successfully changed the disadvantages of high manual dependence of traditional substation operation and maintenance, low intelligence of equipment and weak efficiency of overall safety control. Users can carry out intelligent inspection anytime and anywhere, and grasp the operation status of the equipment through linkage monitoring, intelligent analysis and other functions. Achieve zero interruption of business and video data, consistent network architecture inside and outside the station, greatly improve the efficiency of location problems, implement the responsibility of equipment owners, and ensure the safe operation of substations with high quality and efficiency. In addition, the optical splitter of the network architecture uses passive components, which can also reduce energy consumption in the station, electromagnetic interference of all-optical network, and achieve the effect of energy saving and green. The future of mathematical intelligence has come. From dealing with change afterwards to active prevention, intelligent inspection instead of manual inspection, from experience-driven to data-driven. The all-optical substation solution created by Huawei's joint partners aims to intelligently promote safety, improve management and increase efficiency, ensure reliable power supply and equipment safety, and promote comprehensive state awareness and information security sharing. it ensures a high degree of intelligence in equipment diagnosis and greatly improves the efficiency of operation and inspection. In the future, Huawei will continue to adhere to the core concept of "generating wisdom through gathering", constantly strengthen the "partner + Huawei" system, join hands with more partners to achieve "instant access to the digital intelligence world" and jointly build a digital intelligence grid innovation ecology.

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作者：郭石心编辑：张宇校对：韩雨熹