Xue Lan, Dean of Su Shimin College, Tsinghua University

■ China Economic Times reporter Zhao Shan

The 2024 Annual Meeting of the China Development Forum was held in Beijing on March 24. At the symposium on artificial intelligence development and governance, Xue Lan, dean of Su Shimin College at Tsinghua University, said that the development of artificial intelligence faces a series of risks that need to be prevented. From the perspective of artificial intelligence governance, there are the following five challenges.

** The first challenge is inconsistent pace. ** The technology of artificial intelligence is developing very rapidly, but the construction of a governance system is relatively slow.

The second challenge is the problem of information asymmetry 。多次调研发现，政府和企业双方都有很多盲区。首先，企业不知道政府规制最关心的问题在哪儿；其次，对技术发展可能会带来什么风险，政府不清楚，很多企业也不清楚。

The third challenge is that from a regulatory perspective, costs are asymmetric in the process of risk regulation. 比如，人工智能如果被滥用或者误用的技术成本是相当低的，但是要去防范这种风险其实是非常困难的。防范风险的成本要远远高于它有可能造成危害的成本，所以风险治理的成本较高。

The fourth challenge is in global governance. 做全球治理的人往往会提到机智复合体的问题，可能针对某一个问题，企业、组织、政府都很关心，都想采取一些措施去解决。专业组织、国际组织、基金会、企业等都对某个问题有一定的治理兴趣，甚至他们也有这方面的能力和条件。但是，所有这些组织之间没有从属关系，而是互相之间有重叠甚至有矛盾的机构，都对某个问题有相关的利益，希望来参与治理，使得全球治理体系的形成有很大的困难。

The fifth challenge is governance in the field of artificial intelligence. Cooperation between the United States and China must be necessary, but this current geopolitics will also bring some corresponding problems.

How to solve these problems? Xue Lan put forward the following five suggestions.

**第一，要加强安全和技术。**目前，在安全领域的研发是不够的，今后需要加强研究，尤其是需要加强国际合作。the second， Solve governance issues through agile governance. the third，Encourage self-regulation by enterprises 。外界的规制总是很难解决信息不对称的问题，应该提倡建立企业内部自我规制的一些机制。the fourth ，加强国际治理。在全球治理方面，联合国刚刚通过了一个协议，并召开了高级别专家的讨论。Fifth, solve geopolitical issues 。在人工智能领域，中美双方一定要加强合作，这样才能真正解决人类面临的各种问题。